基于DEA-Malmquist的上海市污水治理效率评价

Evaluation of Sewage Treatment Efficiency in Shanghai Based on DEA-Malmquist

在水环境治理背景下,上海市提出多种污水治理措施和对企业污水规制加强的管理制度,上海市污水治理快速发展。本文选取2006年~2020年上海污水处理数据,选择城市污水处理厂的数量、污水处理厂污水处理能力、排水管道长度、污水管道长度为投入指标,城市污水处理厂的处理量、干污泥处置量、市政再生水的利用量情况和污水处理总量情况为产出指标,利用DEA-Malmquist方法和回归分析上海市污水治理效率进行评价。研究发现,在静态分析上治理总效率呈现上升且趋于稳定状态,在动态分析上,上海市污水治理投入效率不断增强。但依然存在污水治理的效率可持续性不稳定,污水治理效率的技术进步不足,污水治理的污水再利用效果不明显的问题。环境投入占GDP对综合效率有负向作用,人均生产总值对综合效率呈正向关系,人口密度和工业总产值指数未通过显著性检验。据此提出,加强污水治理思想意识,合理利用政企合作;加大财政投入,提高技术管理效率和更新;加强推进污水资源再利用的建议。

Under the background of water environment management, Shanghai has put forward a variety of sewage treatment measures and strengthened the management system of enterprise sewage regulation, and sewage treatment in Shanghai has developed rapidly. This paper selects the sewage treatment data of Shanghai from 2006 to 2020, selects the number of municipal sewage treatment plants, sewage treatment capacity of sewage treatment plants, length of drainage pipes and length of sewage pipes as input indicators, and the treatment capacity of municipal sewage treatment plants, the amount of dry sludge disposal, the utilization of municipal recycled water and the total amount of sewage treatment as output indicators. The DEA-Malmquist method and regression analysis were used to evaluate the efficiency of sewage treatment in Shanghai. The study found that the total treatment efficiency increased and tended to be stable in the static analysis, and the input efficiency of sewage treatment in Shanghai was continuously enhanced in the dynamic analysis. However, there are still problems such as unstable efficiency and sustainability of sewage treatment, insufficient technical progress of sewage treatment efficiency, and no obvious sewage reuse effect of sewage treatment. The ratio of environmental input to GDP has a negative effect on comprehensive efficiency, and the per capita GDP has a positive relationship with comprehensive efficiency. The index of population density and industrial gross output value failed the significance test. Based on this, the following recommendations are proposed: strengthen the awareness of sewage treatment, and promote effective government-enterprise cooperation;increase financial investment, and improve technical management efficiency and updates;enhance the promotion of sewage resource reuse.