农村流动人口社会保险参保现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of Social Insurance Participation Status and Influencing Factors of Rural Floating Population

基于2021年中国社会状况综合调查数据梳理了农村流动人口参加各类社会保险的现状以及影响参保率的因素,运用了二元logistic回归模型对农村流动人口参加各类社会保险的影响因素进行了分析。总体来看,单位性质和主观选择是影响农村流动人口参加各类社会保险的主要因素。具体地说,工作单位的性质、所处地域、是否签订合同、农村流动人口的教育水平、婚姻状况等主、客观因素都会对参保状况有明显的影响。同时,对农村的流动人口参与各类社会保障的影响因素也作了不同类别的区分和具体解释。研究发现,农村流动人口的参保情况堪忧,以及劳动力市场需要进一步优化,因此流动人口的未来生活和工作中都有着较高的风险,需要相关政府部门给予相应的政策支持和制度保障。最后,提出相应的建议,参保方案需要多样化、提高社会保险监督机制、增强社会保险的宣传以及健全异地转移政策,促进社会保险全覆盖。

Based on the comprehensive survey data of China’s social conditions in 2021, the status quo of rural floating population participating in various kinds of social insurance and the factors affecting the participation rate were sorted out, and the influencing factors of rural floating popu-lation participating in various kinds of social insurance were analyzed by using the binary logistic regression model. Overall, the nature of the unit and subjective choice are the main factors that affect the rural floating population to participate in various social insurance. To be specific, the nature of the work unit, the region, whether to sign a contract, the rural floating population’s education level, marital status and other subjective and objective factors will have a significant impact on the insurance status. At the same time, the influence factors of rural floating population participating in various social security are also differentiated and explained in different categories. The study finds that the insurance participation of rural floating population is worrying, and the labor market needs to be further optimized. Therefore, the future life and work of floating population have high risks, and relevant government departments need to provide corresponding policy support and institutional guarantee. Finally, the corresponding suggestions are put forward, the participation scheme needs to be diversified, improve the social insurance supervision mechanism, enhance the publicity of social insurance and improve the transfer policy to promote the full coverage of social insurance.