居住环境适老化对老年人心理健康的影响研究

The Impact of Age-Friendly Residential Environment on the Psychological Well-Being of Older Adults

银发时代汹涌而来,越来越多的老年人选择居家养老,为维护老年人心理健康,不可轻视居住环境中可能存在的心理健康隐患。本文基于CHARLS中国健康与养老追踪调查数据和城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查数据,通过TOPSIS法和回归模型评价城乡居住环境的适老化程度并分析其对老年人心理健康的影响。研究表明,总体上家庭居住环境适老化对老年人的心理健康有显著的影响,城乡之间有异质性,农村的影响更加显著。具体来说,家庭居住环境中跌倒问题的改善和厕浴设备的改造产生的影响最大,门障碍问题的改善和扶手的加装次之。

Silver Generation is surging forward, and more and more elderly people are choosing to live at home for retirement. To safeguard the psychological well-being of older adults, the potential psychological health hazards within the residential environment cannot be underestimated. This study utilizes data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and a sample survey on the living conditions of elderly individuals in urban and rural areas. The study employs the TOPSIS method and regression models to assess the age-friendliness of the resi-dential environment in urban and rural areas and analyze its impact on the psychological well-being of older adults. The findings indicate that, overall, age-friendly modifications in the residential environment significantly affect the psychological well-being of older adults, with variations observed between urban and rural areas, where the influence is more pronounced in rural locations. Specifically, the most significant impacts arise from improvements in fall prevention within the home environment and modifications to toilet and bathing facilities, followed by enhancements to door access and the installation of handrails.