精神分裂症治疗相关靶点及药物研究进展

Receptors and Related Drug Development for Schizophrenia: Research Advances

精神分裂症是一种慢性致残性精神障碍。由于发病早、病程长、发病率高且病情严重,精神分裂症给社会带来沉重的经济负担。目前对精神分裂症的治疗主要使用典型和非典型抗精神分裂症药物。然而典型抗精神分裂症药物仅对阳性症状有效且同时还伴有严重的锥体外系不良反,非典型抗精神分裂症药物虽然对阴性症状和认知障碍有一定改善作用且锥体外系不良反发生率显著降低,但却又出现其他不良反应。因此,需要开发更为安全有效的抗精神分裂症药物。近年来研究发现,与抗精神分裂症药物开发相关的靶点包括多巴胺受体、5-HT受体、Glu受体、大麻受体和sigma受体等。本文对与精神分裂症相关的靶点及药物研究进展进行综述。

Schizophrenia is a chronic disabling mental disorder. Because of its severity, chronicity, early age of onset, and prevalence, schizophrenia is the source of enormous human and economic costs. At present, schizophrenia is treated with typical and atypical antipsychotics. However, typical anti-psychotics are effective only in treating positive symptoms, and they may result in extrapyramidal side-effects. Although atypical antipsychotics have a certain improvement in negative symptoms and cognitive impairment and do not produce the extrapyramidal side-effects, there are other side effects. Therefore, we need more effective and safer antipsychotics. Recent studies found that those receptors associated with schizophrenia, such as dopamine receptor, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, glutamate receptor, cannabinoid receptor, sigma receptor and so on. This review summarizes the receptors and relevant drug development associated with Schizophrenia in recent years.