血管内皮屏障功能损伤在疾病中的研究进展

Research Progress of Vascular Endothelial Barrier Dysfunction in Diseases

许多疾病都具有血管渗漏的共同特征,内皮屏障功能损伤通常是其根本原因。内皮屏障是内皮细胞在血管腔和血管壁之间形成的独特屏障,具有选择性透过作用,对维持血管、组织和器官间的稳态至关重要。血管渗漏是由内皮细胞之间的间隙以及跨细胞转运途径的改变引起的。改善内皮屏障功能的具体机制取决于受影响的组织和引起高通透性的原因。本文综述了以内皮屏障破坏为特征的疾病,重点讨论了内皮屏障功能在急性肺损伤、缺血性脑卒中以及糖尿病并发症中的作用机制及其药物干预进展。

Many diseases have the common characteristics of vascular leakage, and the damage of endothelial barrier is the basic cause. The endothelial barrier is a unique barrier formed by endothelial cells between the vascular lumen and vascular wall. It has selective penetration and is essential for maintaining homeostasis among blood vessels, tissues, and organs. Vascular leakage is caused by changes in the spaces between endothelial cells and trans-cellular transport pathways. The mechanism for improving endothelial barrier function depends specifically on the affected tissue and the cause of the high permeability. This article reviews the diseases characterized by endothelial barrier disruption and discusses the mechanism of endothelial barrier function in acute lung injury, ischemic stroke, and diabetic complications and the progress of drug intervention.