上海市医养结合机构老年人康复护理需求及影响因素分析

Rehabilitation Nursing Needs and Influencing Factors of the Elderly in Medical and Nursing Institutions in Shanghai

目的:了解上海市医养结合机构老年人对康复护理需求的现状及影响因素,为医养结合机构提升康复护理服务质量提供理论和实践依据。方法:采用分层抽样法在上海市中心城区、郊区、偏远地区各抽取3家医养结合机构作为调查对象,对共计抽到的9家医养结合机构的60周岁以上的老年人进行问卷调查。运用卡方检验分析老年人康复护理需求人群分布差异,运用二元Logistic回归分析其康复护理需求影响因素,运用结构方程模型(SEM)探索老年人康复护理需求与康复护理满意度、康复护理人员服务质量的关系。结果:共发放问卷400份,收回合格问卷394份,合格问卷回收率为98.5%,分析显示:有349 (88.58%)位老年人有不同程度的康复护理需求;有子女支持和无子女支持的老年人康复护理需求存在统计学差异(P P < 0.05);模型显示老年人康复护理感知服务满意度对其照护团队的认可度影响系数为0.35。结论:上海市医养结合机构老年人康复护理需求较大;有子女支持的老年人更倾向于有康复护理需求;老年人自理状况越差康复护理需求越大;老年人康复护理感知服务满意度对其照护团队的认可度产生积极正向的影响。

Objective: To understand the status quo of elderly people’s demand for rehabilitation care and its influencing factors in Shanghai medical and nursing institutions, and to provide a theoretical and practical basis for improving the quality of rehabilitation care services in medical and nursing institutions. Methods: A stratified sampling method was used to select 3 medical and nursing institutions in the central city, suburbs and remote areas of Shanghai as the survey objects. A total of 9 medical and nursing institutions were selected and the elderly over 60 years old were investigated with questionnaires. Chi-Square test was used to analyze the distribution difference of elderly rehabilitation nursing needs, binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of their rehabilitation nursing needs, and a structural equation model (SEM) was used to explore the relationship between elderly rehabilitation nursing needs, rehabilitation nursing satisfaction and rehabilitation nursing staff service quality. Results: A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed and 394 qualified questionnaires were recovered. The recovery rate of qualified questionnaires was 98.5%. Analysis showed that 349 (88.58%) elderly people had different degrees of rehabilitation nursing needs. There was a statistical difference in rehabilitation nursing needs between the elderly with and without children’s support (P P < 0.05). The model shows that the influence coefficient of the elderly’s perceived service satisfaction on the recognition of their care team is 0.35. Conclusion: There is a large demand for rehabilitation care for the elderly in Shanghai’s medical and nursing institutions. Elderly people with children’s support are more likely to have rehabilitation care needs. The worse the self-care status of the elderly, the greater the need for rehabilitation care. Perceived service satisfaction of rehabilitation care for the elderly has a positive and positive impact on the recognition of their care teams.