基于考虑碳减排技术和差别定价的回购合同的电力供应链问题

Electricity Supply Chain Issues Based on Repurchase Contracts Considering Carbon Emission Reduction Technologies and Differential Pricing

在传统发电公司对不同地区的用户实行差别定价政策的当下,碳减排技术(CRT)情况使多数公司陷入两难境地。本文依此构建模型,情形包括:一、公司发现投资碳减排技术的利弊,二、公司保持原有运营流程。同时模型内加入回购合同、收益合同,在此基础上,本文提出相关算法,寻求在相关约束条件下各时段的最优电价、努力程度、储能设备服务面积、预防性维护预算和电力需求。最后,本文对该模型进行数值分析,求得弹性系数相关影响。结果显示CRT带来包括更高的利润、更高的电力需求要求以及针对供应链和发电公司更温和的价格波动,同时电价的降低会为用户开启更少的储能设备。此外,本文还意识到选择合适系数值的重要性,测算发觉,价格弹性系数的增加会导致电价的下降,反之,产出弹性系数的增加则会导致电价的上升。

The carbon reduction technology (CRT) scenario puts most companies in a dilemma when conventional power generation companies have differentiated pricing policies for customers in different regions. This paper constructs a model accordingly, and the scenarios include: i) The company discovers the advantages and disadvantages of investing in carbon reduction technology, and ii) the company maintains the original operation process. At the same time, buyback contracts and revenue contracts are added to the model, based on which the paper proposes algorithms to seek the optimal tariff, effort, service area of energy storage equipment, preventive maintenance budget and power demand in each time period under the relevant constraints. Finally, this paper numerically analyzes the model to find the elasticity coefficient related impacts. The results show that CRT leads to, among other things, higher profits, higher power demand requirements, and milder price fluctuations for both the supply chain and the generating company, while lower electricity prices will turn on fewer energy storage devices for users. In addition, this paper recognizes the importance of choosing the right coefficient value, and finds that an increase in the price elasticity coefficient leads to a decrease in electricity prices, and conversely, an increase in the output elasticity coefficient leads to an increase in electricity prices.