1960~2009年青海省降水量变化研究

Study on Precipitation Change in Qinghai Province from 1960 to 2009

基于1960~2009年青海省27个气象站点逐年降水数据,利用5年移动平均法、Mann-Kendall检验法等,分析了研究区降水量的变化特征。结果表明:(1) 年降水量变化呈上升趋势,变化倾向为0.4721 mm/年;(2) 各区域的降水量年际变化5个自治州和一个地级市呈现上升趋势,一个自治州和一个地级市呈现降趋势,整体来看,青海省多年平均降水量的分布总体上呈现出自西向东、自西北向东南递增的规律;(3) 青海省地区1960~2009年的年降水有发生突变,且突变年份较多,主要集中在1974~1985,2004~2006年间。

Based on the annual precipitation data of 27 meteorological stations in Qinghai Province from 1960 to 2009, the change characteristics of precipitation in the study area were analyzed by using 5-year moving average method and Mann-Kendall test method. The results showed that: (1) the annual precipitation showed an upward trend, and the trend was: 0.4721 mm/year;(2) The inter-annual variation of precipitation in each region showed an upward trend in 5 autonomous prefectures and 1 prefecture-level city, and a downward trend in 1 autonomous prefecture and 1 prefecture-level city. On the whole, the average annual precipitation in Qinghai Province generally increased from west to east and from northwest to southeast;(3) Abrupt changes occurred in annual precipitation in Qinghai Province during 1960~2009, and the abrupt changes occurred in many years, mainly during 1974~1985, 2004~2006.