云贵高原植被资源分布现状及其对石漠化进程研究进展

The Review of Current Distribution of Vegetation Resources in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Mechanism Research of Its Effects on Rocky Desertification Process

云贵高原是西南喀斯特石漠化的核心区域,现有研究存在难以定量描述石漠化进程这一关键科学问题的缺陷。因此许多学者采用植被资源作为定量化描述石漠化危害程度的重要指标,早期的方法仅使用遥感影像难以准确区分大范围的植被类型、覆盖度和斑块破碎度等精细信息。前期研究表明,利用当前日益成熟的无人机技术和研究成员早期开发的盖度、斑块估算软件,结合多源遥感数据,可以准确、快速地反演植被资源信息。在云贵高原研究植被资源信息的空间分布现状,阐明其对石漠化进程的影响机制,通过对地形、气候、人口、经济和政策资料进行分析,揭示导致石漠化时空分布格局差异的控制因子及其动态变化的驱动因素。可望摸清云贵高原的植被资源分布现状,特别是实现对草地资源的更新,不仅为解决石漠化这一严重地域环境问题提供研究基础和科学依据,也为山地草牧业修复云贵高原生态环境、提高当地人民收入的规划提供宝贵的本底资料。

Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the core area of the rocky desertification in the Chinese southwest karst regions. Previous studies are very limited to describe the process of rocky desertification quantitatively. The vegetation resources are applied as the key indicators to quantitatively study the degree of rocky desertification by many researchers. With the remote sensing datasets, previous methods are not competent to distinguish the detailed information of vegetation type, coverage and patch fragmentation on a large scale. Our previous researches show that the technology of unmanned aerial vehicle and the estimation software of fraction vegetation coverages and patches could be accurately and rapidly to exploit vegetation resource information. In this project, current distribution of vegetation resources in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau will be clarified to reveal the influence mechanism of the rocky desertification. The control factors of rocky desertification distribution and the driving reasons of its dynamic changes will be explained by the data of terrain, climate, population, economics and policy. In this way, current distribution of vegetation resources in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau will be provided, especially the grassland resources will be updated. The finding of this research may have significant implications for resolving rocky desertification. Furthermore, the results of this study will be the background information for the programs of restoring ecological environment and enriching local people in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.