热镀锌产业无铬钝化的研究进展

Research Progresses of Chromium-Free Passivation Technology in Hot-Dip Galvanizing Industry

热镀锌技术主要用于钢铁的防腐,为加强镀锌层的耐腐蚀性能,通常需对其进行钝化处理。传统钝化过程中采用铬酸盐进行钝化,众所周知,铬离子对人体有害,不利环保。欧美等发达国家相继颁布了严格的环保政策,严禁使用含铬产品,并严禁进口铬酸盐钝化的镀锌产品。因此,我国热镀锌行业面临着前所未有的挑战。对于无铬钝化液的研究与应用也势在必行。目前虽已有多种无铬钝化液相继投入工业化的使用,但是无铬钝化液的综合性相对铬酸盐钝化液尚存在一定的差距。本文叙述了近二十年来无铬钝化液的发展历程和研究现状,主要包含三大体系的无铬钝化液:有机体系无铬钝化液、无机盐体系无铬钝化液及有机/无机体系复合无铬钝化液。

Hot-dip galvanizing technology is mainly used for anti-corrosion of steel. In order to improve the corrosion resistance of galvanized layer, it needs to be passivated. Chromate is used for passivation in the traditional passivation process. It is well known that chromium ions are harmful to the human body and are not environment friendly. Developed countries such as Europe and United States have successively issued strict environmental protection policies, strictly prohibit the use of chromium-containing products, and strictly prohibit the import of chromate passivated galvanized products. It is strictly forbidden to use chromate passivation solution, and it is strictly forbidden to import chromate passivated galvanized products. China's hot-dip galvanizing industry is facing unprecedented challenges. It is imperative to study and apply chromium-free passivation solution. Although a variety of chromium-free passivation liquids have been put into industrial use, the comprehensively relative chromate passivation solution of chromium-free passivation solution still exists. This paper describes the latest research status of chromium-free passivation solution in the past 20 years, mainly including three major systems: chromium-free passivation solution: organic system chromium-free passivation solution, inorganic salt system chromium-free passivation solution and organic/inorganic system composite Chromium-free passivation solution.