中国的世界自然遗产管理与可持续发展

Management and Sustainable Development of World Natural Heritage Sites in China

中国的世界自然遗产截止至2019年7月共有14项被列入世界遗产名录,位于世界第一,庞大的自然遗产数量需要相应的科学管理体制以达到可持续发展目的。本文聚焦于中国的世界自然遗产的管理与可持续发展,对中国世界遗产的概况进行了阐述,统计世界各国自然遗产数量及类型,总结中国世界自然遗产存在的立法与管理问题进而举例阐明人为因素和自然因素对自然遗产的威胁,并对中国自然遗产的可持续发展做出“精准保护”优化管理、旅游开发、遗产教育的建议,为自然遗产的类型完善提供相关的申报对策。

As of July 2019, 14 World Natural Heritage Sites of China have been listed in the World Heritage List, ranking first in the world. The vast number of Natural Heritage Sites needs a corresponding scien-tific management system to achieve the goal of sustainable development. This paper focuses on the management and sustainable development of World Natural Heritage of China while expounding the current situation of World Heritage of China. Counting the number and types of World Natural Heritage around the world and summarizing the problems of legislation and management of World Natural Heritage illustrates the anthropic and natural factors threatening the natural heritage sites. In addition, the paper makes "precise protection"to optimize the management, tourism develop-ment and heritage education suggestions for the sustainable development of World Natural Heritage of China as well as to provide a referential standard for the declaration of Natural Heritage.