福建省农村供水管理现状及对策研究

Current Situations of Rural Water Supply Management and Expected Strategies in Fujian Province

为了探询福建省城乡供水一体化建设和农村供水管理存在的实际问题,本研究针对福建省12个第一批城乡供水一体化建设试点和3个非试点山区县,分农村供水的水行政部门、供水单位和用水户等三个供水利益相关群体设计调查问卷,并对收回的243份有效问卷进行统计与分析。结果表明,福建省自2019年以来实施城乡供水一体化建设取得了重大进展,在推进过程中最常见的问题包括作为建设主体的各试点供水单位普遍缺乏资金和农村用水户普遍配合度不高。非试点单位经营主体基本尚未组建,城乡供水一体化建设进展缓慢。综合参与调查者对解决问题的建议如下:即主管部门应向当地供水公司提供更多的财政和政策支持;供水公司要发挥建设、管理和服务主体作用,并创建多元化投融资机制;加强对农村居民资源有价和安全饮水的科学宣传,促进后者提升安全饮水意识。非试点单位加快成立领导小组和组建建设、管理和服务主体,全面推进福建省城乡供水一体化进程。

In order to explore the realistic problems existing in the construction of urban-rural water supply integration and rural water supply management in Fujian Province, we designed different ques-tionnaires for the 12 first batch of urban-rural water supply integration pilot areas and 3 non-pilot mountainous counties in Fujian, and three groups embracing rural water supply administrative departments, water supply companies and water consumers. The 243 valid questionnaires were sorted out and statistically analyzed. The results showed that the construction of rural drinking water safety by way of the construction of urban and rural water supply integration in Fujian has made significant enhancement since 2019. The most common problems during the construction process included the lack of funds of local water supply companies as the main construction units and the lower cooperation degree of rural residents. The business entity of non-pilot units has not been established, and the construction of urban-rural drinking water integration was initiated in a low speed. Based on the suggestions from the respondents, the governments should provide more financial and policy support to the local water supply companies, and the companies should act as the main construction units and create a diversified investment and financing mechanism. In addition, the scientific publicity about paid water supply and drinking water safety toward rural residents should be strengthened, which can improve the public awareness of drinking water safety. Non pilot units should accelerate the establishment of leading groups and main bodies of construction, management and protection, so as to promote the integration of urban and rural water supply.