利益相关者视角下传统村落保护利用的农户参与行为研究——以张家界石堰坪村为例

Research on Farmers’ Participation Behavior in the Protection and Utilization of Traditional Villages from the Perspective of Stakeholders—A Case Study of Shiyanping Village in Zhangjiajie City

近年来,随着我国乡村旅游的迅猛发展,传统村落的保护利用迎来了巨大的挑战和机遇。以张家界石堰坪村为例,从农户的视角,在实地调查分析的基础上,对传统村落的保护利用提出相关对策建议。调查分析表明:1) 石堰坪村当地农户参与村落保护与利用的自觉主动性和积极性不高;2) 村落参与村落保护与利用的劳动主体的流失率高,村落的开发与保护效果不显著;3) 农户参与村落保护与利用的行为受农户自身的受教育程度、政府对于村落开发与保护的宣传以及参与民主决策等各方面的影响。基于此,提出应提高农户的知识与技能、完善村落内部的治理机制和管理制度建设、设置多渠道表达和反馈农户的利益诉求等,增强农户参与村落保护利用的积极性。

In recent years, with the rapid development of rural tourism in China, the protection and utilization of traditional villages face huge challenges and opportunities. Taking Shiyanping Village in Zhangjiajie as an example, from the perspective of farmers, on the basis of field investigation and analysis, this paper puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions for the protection and utilization of traditional villages. The survey and analysis show that: 1) The local farmers in Shiyanping Village have low initiative and enthusiasm in participating in the protection and utili-zation of the village;2) The loss rate of labor subjects involved in village protection and utilization is high, and the effect of village development and protection is not significant;3) Farmers’ partici-pation in village protection and utilization is affected by their education level, the government’s propaganda on village development and protection, and their participation in democratic deci-sion-making. Based on this, it is proposed that farmers’ knowledge and skills should be improved, the governance mechanism and management system within the village should be improved, and the interests of farmers should be expressed and fed back through multiple channels to enhance the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in the protection and utilization of villages.