黄土高塬沟壑区水–碳–粮协同优化的植被恢复机理

Synergistic Optimization Process of Water-Carbon-Food and Its Vegetation Restoration Mechanism in the Loess Plateau Gully Area

生态服务协同格局形成是半干旱区脆弱生态系统恢复的重要特征。黄土高塬沟壑区植被恢复和生态功能变化均存在明显分异过程,从社会–生态视角探索植被恢复对生态服务协同潜力的驱动机理与路径,对半干旱区生态恢复建设与生态服务可持续供应具有指导意义。以塬面–沟谷系统整体为研究对象,在不同时空尺度上开展水–碳–粮协同过程研究,阐明协同格局形成的植被恢复响应过程及社会–生态因素作用机理,通过构建水–碳–粮协同格局形成的机制模型,厘清植被恢复的社会–生态要素互馈机制,揭示基于生态服务协同原理的植被恢复设计对塬面–沟谷系统水–碳–粮协同供给的潜在影响。研究在统筹调控塬面–沟谷系统关键社会–生态过程对植被恢复功能演化的作用机制和对可持续发展目标贡献方面具有科学支持作用。The formation of synergistic patterns of ecosystem services is an important feature of the restoration of vulnerable ecosystems in semi-arid areas. There is a clear differentiation process in vegetation restoration and ecological function changes in the Loess Plateau gully region. Exploring the driving mechanisms and pathways of vegetation restoration on the potential for ecosystem service synergy from a socio-ecological perspective has guiding significance for ecological restoration construction and sustainable supply of ecosystem services in semi-arid areas. Taking the plateau-gully system as the research object, this study conducts research on the synergistic processes of water, carbon, and grain at different spatiotemporal scales, clarifies the vegetation restoration response process and the mechanism of action of socio-ecological factors in the formation of synergistic patterns, and by constructing a mechanism model for the formation of water-carbon-grain synergistic patterns, it clarifies the mutual feedback mechanism of socio-ecological factors in vegetation restoration, revealing the potential impact of vegetation restoration design based on the principle of ecosystem service synergy on the synergistic supply of water, carbon, and grain in the plateau-gully system. The research provides scientific support for the coordinated regulation of key socio-ecological processes in the plateau-gully system on the functional evolution of vegetation restoration and its contribution to sustainable development goals.