“一带一路”与中国产业集群升级—基于全球价值链视角

“Belt and Road Initiative” and Industrial Cluster Upgrading of China—Based on the Perspective of Global Value Chain

根据Gereffi、Humphrey 和Sturgeon等对全球价值链中产业集群升级的研究,产业集群可以通过工艺和流程升级、产品升级、功能升级和价值链升级攀爬全球价值链的两端,实现升级。而目前在中国产能过剩,产业结构转型的背景下,“一带一路”战略的提出可以承接中国嵌入全球价值链低端的过剩产能,为中国产业集群升级腾挪出空间,中国产业集群则可以集中人财物发展高附加值、高技术含量的先进产业,从生产制造环节转向核心技术开发、设计以及营销服务、品牌运作等环节,谋求在全球价值链上从低附加值环节向高附加值环节的攀升,从而进一步加快产业集群升级;同时“一带一路”也为中国产业内集群从领导企业处所学到的知识(主要来自于流程升级和产品升级)应用提供了市场,尤其是通过产业园合作模式进一步提升中国产业集群在全球价值链中的地位,为中国产业集群升级带来战略机遇。

According to the study of industrial cluster upgrading in global value chain by Gereffi, Humphrey and Sturgeon, industrial cluster can be upgraded through technology upgrading, process upgrading, product upgrading and function upgrading, thus climbing to the ends of the global value chain. At present, under the background of industrial structure transformation, “Belt and Road Initiative” strategy can transfer low-end production capacity and excess production capacity to the countries around the “Belt and Road”, and this strategy also provides space for China’s industrial cluster upgrading. China can focus on human resources and financial resources to develop high value-added and high-tech advanced industries, turning the production-manufacturing to the core technology research, design and marketing services, brand operation, climbing up the global value chain curve from lower segment to higher segment, so as to further speed up the upgrading of industrial cluster. At the same time, “Belt and Road Initiative” also provides markets for Chinese industrial clusters to apply knowledge learned from leading companies (mainly about the process upgrading and product upgrading). Especially, industrial park co-operation pattern could further enhance the position of China’s industrial clusters in the global value chain, which brings strategic opportunities for industrial cluster upgrading of China.