福州地区中老年人群骨质疏松症危险因素分析及中医证型与骨密度的关系

Analysis of Risk Factors of Osteoporosis in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Population in Fuzhou and the Relationship between TCM Syndromes and Bone Mineral Density

目的:分析福州地区中老年人骨质疏松症的危险因素以及其骨密度(BMD)与中医证型之间的关系,为骨质疏松症防治提供参考依据。方法:选取2018年1月~2019年4月就诊于福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院体检中心的464例中老年患者,进行性别、年龄、身高、体重、健康状况、生活习惯、运动、骨质疏松或脆性骨折家族史和女性生殖信息等问卷调查,测量其腰椎及髋部骨密度,进行中医辨证分析。结果:120例患有骨质疏松症,总患病率为25.86%,男女患病率分别为15.79%和35.60%,中老年男性骨质疏松的危险因素是年龄升高和吸烟,中老年女性骨质疏松的危险因素是年龄升高,男女骨质疏松的保护因素都是体重指数。骨质疏松症患者肾阳虚型、脾肾阳虚型、肝肾阴虚型和血瘀气滞型四个证型间骨密度无明显差异。结论:福州地区中老年人骨质疏松症的主要危险因素是年龄升高和吸烟,增加体重指数有利于预防骨质疏松症。

Objective: To analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly people in Fuzhou and the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and TCM syndrome types, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Methods: From January 2018 to April 2019, 464 middle-aged and elderly patients who were treated at the Physical Examination Center of the Second People’s Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected for questionnaire surveys on gender, age, height, weight, health status, living habits, exercise, family history of porosity or fragility fractures and female reproductive information, measuring the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and hip, and conducting TCM syndrome differentiation analysis on patients with osteoporosis. Results: 120 Cases suffered from osteoporosis;the total prevalence rate was 25.86%;and the prevalence rates for men and women were 15.79% and 35.60% respectively. The risk factors for osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly men were increased age and smoking. The risk factor for osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women is increased age, and the protective factors for osteoporosis in men and women are body mass index. There was no significant difference in bone mineral density among the four syndrome types of osteoporosis patients: kidney yang deficiency, spleen and kidney yang deficiency, liver and kidney yin deficiency, and blood stasis and qi stagnation. Conclusion: The main risk factors for osteoporosis in the middle-aged and elderly people in Fuzhou are increased age and smoking. Increasing body mass index is beneficial to the prevention of osteoporosis.