“六字养生诀”干预支气管哮喘慢性持续期患者的临床护理观察

Clinical Nursing Observation on the Intervention of “Six Character Regimen” in Patients with Chronic Persistent Bronchial Asthma

目的:观察“六字养生诀”干预支气管哮喘慢性持续期患者的临床护理效果。方法:选取2020年1月至8月期间于上海市中医医院肺病科门诊就诊且符合入选标准的100例支气管哮喘患者作为研究对象,用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各50例,对照组接受门诊专科护士常规宣教,建档管理,观察组在对照组干预基础上实施“六字养生诀”引导术,疗程为6周。观察两组患者干预前后哮喘症状积分、哮喘控制水平测试(ACT)量表评分、呼气峰流速占预计值百分比(Peak expiratory flow/predicted value, PEF%)水平及血嗜酸性粒细胞水平。结果:共91例患者完成临床观察,其中对照组45例,观察组46例。观察组总有效率为93.5% (43/46),对照组为77.8% (35/45),两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 4.579, P = 0.032)。观察组患者中医证候积分、ACT量表评分、PEF水平均高于对照组(t值分别为2.802、3.420、8.938,P值均<0.01),血嗜酸性粒细胞水平低于对照组(t = 3.481, P = 0.001)。结果:在常规宣教护理上,引用“六字养生诀”干预支气管哮喘慢性持续期患者的护理效果显著,能改善哮喘患者的临床症状,改善哮喘控制水平,提高PEF水平,降低气道炎症水平,值得临床应用并推广。

Objective: To observe the clinical nursing effect of “six character regimen” on patients with chronic persistent bronchial asthma. Method: 100 patients with bronchial asthma who met the inclusion criteria in the outpatient department of pulmonary disease of Shanghai Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine from January to August 2020 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into observation group and control group by the random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group received routine publicity and education from outpatient specialist nurses and file management. The observation group implemented “six character regimen” guidance on the basis of the intervention of the control group, and the course of treatment was 6 weeks. The score of asthma symptoms, the score of asthma control level test (ACT), the percentage of peak expiratory flow rate in the expected value and the level of blood eosinophils were observed before and after the intervention. Result: A total of 91 patients completed clinical observation, including 45 cases in the control group and 46 cases in the observation group. The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.5% (43/46), 77.8% in the control group (35/45). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.579, P = 0.032). The TCM syndrome score, act scale score and PEF level in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (T values were 2.802, 3.420 and 8.938 respectively, P values < 0.01). The level of blood eosinophils was lower than that of the control group (t = 3.481, P = 0.001). Result: In terms of routine education and nursing, the nursing effect of using “six character regimen” to intervene patients with chronic persistent bronchial asthma is remarkable. It can improve the clinical symptoms of patients with asthma, improve the level of asthma control, improve the level of PEF, and reduce the level of airway inflammation, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.