针灸治疗腰椎间盘突出症的研究进展

Research Progress on Acupuncture in the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation

腰椎间盘突出症是导致腰腿疼痛等疾病的主要病因,是临床上常见、多发的疾病。该病以腰椎间盘退变、纤维环破裂或全部破裂、髓核对脊神经根造成刺激或压迫,引起腰痛、坐骨神经痛、下肢麻木、马尾综合征等为特点,由于剧烈的疼痛,病人的日常生活受到了极大的限制,无法正常生活、学习、工作等,甚至失去工作能力和生活自理能力。由于腰椎间盘突出症病因复杂,患者多为老年人群,且这一年龄段的患者手术预后较差,所以,临床上对其进行治疗,主要是减轻临床疼痛,提高腰部关节活动度,以保守治疗为主。近年来,中医药发展迅速,中医将腰椎间盘突出症分为“痹症”、“腰痹”、“腰腿痛”等范畴,而针灸、按摩主要通过疏通经络,既增强机体免疫力,又能起到镇痛的作用,在治疗腰椎间盘突出症方面获得了良好的疗效。本文就针灸治疗腰椎间盘突出症的机制及方法进行综述。

Lumbar disc herniation is the main cause of diseases such as low back and leg pain, and it is a common and frequent clinical disease. The disease is characterized by degeneration of lumbar discs, rupture or total rupture of the annulus fibrosus, irritation or compression of spinal nerve roots by the nucleus pulposus, causing lumbago, sciatica, numbness of the lower limbs, cauda equina syndrome, etc. Due to the severe pain, the patient’s daily life is greatly restricted and he/she is unable to live, study, work, etc. normally, and he/she even loses his/her working ability and ability to take care of himself/herself. Due to the complex etiology of lumbar disc herniation, patients are mostly in the elderly group, and the surgical prognosis of patients in this age group is poorer, so the clinical treatment mainly focuses on alleviating the clinical pain and improving the mobility of the lumbar joints, and primarily adopting conservative treatment. In recent years, with the rapid development of traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine lumbar disc herniation has been divided into “paralysis”, “lumbar paralysis”, “lumbar and leg pain” and other categories, and acupuncture and massage, mainly through the dredging of the meridians, not only to enhance the body’s immunity, but also play the role of analgesia, has gained a good therapeutic effect in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. In this paper, the mechanisms and methods of acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation are summarized.