基于“肠肾轴”理论探讨肠道菌群紊乱对糖尿病肾病的影响及中医治疗

Discussion on the Influence of Intestinal Flora Disturbance on Diabetic Nephropathy and the Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on the Theory of “Entero-Renal Axis”

糖尿病肾病(DKD)是我国常见的慢性代谢性疾病,近些年来患病率仍在逐步上升,已成为全球性公共健康问题。肠道作为人体第二大器官,随着对肠道与肾脏之间关系的深入研究,“肠肾轴”逐渐成为研究热点。近年诸多研究表明,DKD患者肠道菌群与健康人存在明显差异,肠道菌群及其代谢产物紊乱可导致肠道通透性改变、过度激活肾素–血管紧张素–醛固酮系统(RAAS)及全身慢性微炎症状态等加重DKD的发生发展。中医药在治疗DKD患者方面展现出效果良好、副作用小、治疗途径广泛等优势,并在此过程中发挥了重要作用。本文基于“肠肾轴”理论,对肠道菌群与DKD之间的关系及中医治疗进行论述,以期为DKD治疗提供参考。Diabetic nephropathy (DKD) is a common chronic metabolic disease in China. In recent years, the prevalence rate has been increasing gradually, and it has become a global public health problem. The intestinal tract is the second largest organ in human body, with the in-depth study of the relationship between the intestinal tract and kidney, “enterorenal axis” has gradually become a research hotspot. In recent years, many studies have shown that the intestinal flora of DKD patients is significantly different from that of healthy people, and the disturbance of intestinal flora and its metabolites can lead to changes in intestinal permeability, excessive activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and chronic systemic microinflammation, which can aggravate the occurrence and development of DKD. Traditional Chinese medicine plays an important role in the treatment of DKD patients with good effect, small side effects, wide treatment channels and other advantages. Based on the theory of “entero-renal axis”, this paper discusses the relationship between intestinal flora and DKD and the treatment of TCM, in order to provide a reference for the treatment of DKD.