黄河三角洲城乡用地扩展与湿地利用相关关系

Correlation between Urban and Rural Land Expansion and Wetland Utilization in the Yellow River Delta

为了研究黄河三角洲城乡用地的扩展和湿地利用的关系,找出促进地区土地利用与生态环境和谐发展的方法,以黄河三角洲区域核心城市东营和滨州为研究区域,利用扩展强度指数、景观指数和重心转移指数,对研究区1973~1980、1980~1990、1990~2000、2000~2010和2010~2018这五个时段两种用地类型的指标进行分析。结果表明,在这五个时间段内黄河三角洲目前还处于缓慢发展,城乡用地扩展速率和湿地变化速率各阶段差异较大;黄河三角洲景观格局日趋合理,城市形态趋向紧凑,城市结构更加标准;城乡用地从整体上看,重心逐渐向东北偏移,而湿地从整体上看,重心偏移点聚集在一起,偏移方向比较混乱,城乡用地的发展日趋成熟而湿地发展相对不稳定;城乡用地和湿地在各个方位上都出现扩展强弱交替的现象间接反映了土地利用与生态环境存在着一定程度的矛盾,但是总体的方向仍然趋于一致。研究成果可为东营和滨州的城市管理提供科学依据,也可为同类型城市的研究提供方法和参考。

In order to study the relationship between urban and rural land expansion and wetland utilization in the Yellow River Delta and find out the methods to promote the harmonious development of regional land use and ecological environment, Dongying and Binzhou, the core cities of the Yellow River Delta, are taken as the study areas. The expansion intensity index, landscape index and center of gravity transfer index are used to analyze the relationship between urban and rural land expansion and wetland utilization in the study areas 1973-1980, 1980-1990, 1990-2000, 2000-2010 and 2010-2018 five periods of two types of land use indicators for analysis. The results show that the Yellow River Delta is still in a slow development in these five periods, and the urban and rural land expansion rate and wetland change rate vary greatly in different stages;the landscape pattern of the Yellow River Delta is becoming more reasonable;the urban morphology is becoming more compact, and the urban structure is more standard;the urban and rural land use as a whole, the center of gravity is gradually shifting to the northeast, while the wetland as a whole, the center of gravity is shifting The points gather together, and the migration direction is chaotic. The development of urban and rural land is becoming more and more mature, while the development of wetland is relatively unstable. The phenomenon of alternating expansion strength of urban and rural land and wetland in all directions indirectly reflects the contradiction between land use and ecological environment to a certain extent, but the overall direction is still consistent. The research results can provide scientific basis for the urban management of Dongying and Binzhou, and also provide methods and references for the research of the same type of cities.