以工作过程为导向的高职课程改革与教学实践研究——以《电气控制技术》课程为例

Research on the Curriculum Reform and Teaching Practice of Higher Vocational Education Oriented by Working Process —Taking “Electric Control Technology” Course as an Example

目前我国高职教育正处于尴尬境地,一方面高职院校的毕业生并没有其他高等院校毕业生的深厚理论基础,另一方面,高职院校赖以生存的“实际工作能力强”这一办学优势并未得到彻底的坚持,导致其毕业生在市场竞争中没有突出的优势,人才培养得不到市场的认可。本文根据机械工程领域职业岗位群的需求,结合《电气控制技术》课程特点,以职业能力为主要培养目标,以真实工作任务为载体,将学习过程、工作过程与学生能力有机结合,以学校的生产性实训基生产性实训基地和校外实习基地为依托,以实际的生产过程构建教学方法、教学手段、考核方法和教学组织形式,基于工作过程重构“教学做”一体的课程教学内容体系,有效解决企业所需和学生所学之间的矛盾,提高学生“零距离”上岗的就业竞争力。对“基于工作过程”这一高职课程教学改革新举措进行了全面探讨,旨在对解决高职人才培养与社会需求相脱节的供需矛盾问题产生有益的启发。

At present, the vocational education of China is in an awkward position, on one hand vocational college graduates do not have strong theoretical basis as other institutions of higher learning graduates, on the other hand, higher vocational colleges do not adhere to educational advantage point of “strong practical working ability”, which led to graduates have no outstanding advantages in market competition, and personnel training are not recognized by the market. According to the mechanical engineering field occupation post group needs, combined with the “Electric control technology”, the characteristics of the course, with the occupation ability as the main training ob-jectives, the real task as the carrier, the learning process, the working process and the students’ ability of organic combination, to school productive training base and practice base rely on, con-struction of teaching method, in the actual production process teaching methods, assessment methods and teaching organization form, teaching content system working process reengineering “teaching” on unity, effectively solve the enterprise required and the contradiction between science students and improve students “zero distance” posts employment competitiveness. This paper makes a comprehensive discussion on the new measures of the teaching reform of the higher vo-cational curriculum about the course project in vocational colleges based on working process. The purpose of the paper is to provide useful inspiration for solving the contradiction between supply and demand, which is disjointed between the cultivation of talents and the social demand in higher vocational education.