语义图示、语义图式和语义图之辨析

Concept Distinctions among Semantic Diagram, Semantic Schema and Semantic Map

语义图示、语义图式和语义图,是一组较为相近的概念。三者既有联系,又有区别。对这三个概念做一个区分,有助于相关领域的研究者们开展各自领域的研究,以避免概念之间相互混用。实际上,这三个概念都是复合概念。三者之间的区别,可以从图示、图式和图这三个基本概念入手来做一个区分。图是一个统称概念,是各类图的上位概念,图示是一个具体概念,通常是由可视的图形或图像构成的,而图式则是一个心理学概念,用以指称个体心中的认知结构。

Semantic diagram, semantic schema, and semantic map are a group of similar concepts. They are related and distinct. It helps researchers not mix them up by distinguishing these three concepts. In fact, all three concepts are compound concepts. The differences among them differ in the three basic concepts of diagram, schema and graph. Graph is a general concept which consists of various types of drawings. Diagram is a specific concept which usually composes of visual figures or images. Schema is a psychological concept which refers to the cognitive structure in the individual’s mind.