国有企业及其竞争中立的贸易与投资效应研究

Research on the Trade and Investment Effects of State-Owned Enterprises and Competitive Neutrality

发达国家在区域贸易和投资协定中有关国有企业“竞争中立”的实践,加上20世纪90年代以来各国的私有化,导致与国有企业及其竞争中立相关的贸易与投资壁垒总体呈下降趋势。本文试图通过采用引力模型,根据OECD公布的国家经济政策制度指标,选取其中的国有企业政府控制因素项下的公共所有指标作为自变量,选择其中涉及到的35个OECD国家和巴西、中国、印度、俄罗斯和南非共计40个国家作为样本国家,针对国有企业贸易和投资壁垒的规制对双边贸易与投资效应的影响展开研究。实证表明,国有企业因素壁垒的削减能有效促进双边贸易和双边投资的发展。

The practice of “competitive neutrality” of state-owned enterprises in regional trade and invest-ment agreements of developed countries, and privatization of countries since the 1990s, has led to a decline in trade and investment barriers related to state-owned enterprises and competitive neutrality. This article attempts to use the gravity model, according to the national economic policy system indicators published by the OECD, and the publicly owned indicators under the government control factors of the state-owned enterprises are selected as independent variables. The 35 OECD countries involved and 40 countries from Brazil, China, India, Russia, and South Africa were selected as sample countries to study the impact of the regulation of trade and investment barriers on state-owned enterprises on bilateral trade and investment effects. Empirical evidence shows that the reduction of barriers to state-owned enterprises can effectively promote the development of bilateral trade and investment.