程序性细胞死亡在葡萄膜黑色素瘤中的研究进展

Research Advances in Programmed Cell Death in Uveal Melanoma

葡萄膜黑色素瘤是成年人最常见的恶性肿瘤,尽管应用放疗、全身化疗或者眼球摘除等治疗方式可以有效控制肿瘤进展(90%),仍有近半的患者会发生远处转移。程序性细胞死亡(PCD)的研究能使人们更好地了解UVM所涉及的生物功能和作用机制,该领域的研究可以帮助确定有效的诊断和预后生物标志物,以及新的治疗靶点。这篇综述中,我们重点总结了PCD包含的细胞凋亡、坏死性凋亡、铁死亡、自噬和铜死亡等几种细胞死亡模式在UVM的作用机制,以期为肿瘤治疗提供新的靶点和思路。

Uveal melanoma is the most common malignancy in adults, and despite the application of therapeutic modalities such as radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy or ophthalmic removal to effectively control tumor progression (90%), distant metastases occur in nearly half of patients. Studies of programmed cell death (PCD) can provide a better understanding of the biological functions and mechanisms of action involved in UVM, and research in this area can help identify effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as new therapeutic targets. In this review, we focus on summarizing the mechanisms of action of several modes of cell death in UVM, including apoptosis, necroptosis, iron death, autophagy and copper death, which are included in PCD, with the aim of providing new targets and ideas for tumor therapy.