2000~2018年中国森林火灾时空特征分析

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics Analysis of Forest Fires in China from 2000 to 2018

基于我国2000~2018年森林火灾统计数据,运用统计分析方法,分析我国森林火灾时空特征及变化规律。结果表明:2000~2018年,我国森林火灾次数和受害森林面积总体呈波动式下降,重特大森林火灾次数和因灾造成人员伤亡的数量下降趋势更为显著。我国森林火灾的季节性差异和地域性差异均较大。其中,春季和冬季是森林火灾高发季节,南方森林火灾次数多,每起火灾受害森林面积小,北方森林火灾次数相对较少,每起火灾受害森林面积大。但近年来,随着森林防火力度逐年加大,上述差异也随之缩小。同时,研究还表明不同地区森林火灾次数和受害森林面积与地区森林总面积和非城镇人口数量呈显著正相关。

The temporal and spatial characteristics of forest fires in China were analyzed by using statistical analysis method, based on the statistical data of forest fires in China from 2000 to 2018. The results show that, in China, the number of forest fires and the area of damaged forests decreased in a fluctuating manner, the number of major and especially serious forest fires and the number of casualties caused by the disaster decreased more significantly. The seasonal and regional differences of forest fires in China are large. Spring and winter are the high incidence seasons of forest fires. There are many forest fires in South China, but the forest area affected by each fire is small. The number of forest fires in northern China is relatively small, but the forest area affected by each fire is large. However, in recent years, with the increase of forest fire prevention, the above differences are reduced. At the same time, the study also showed that the number of forest fires and damaged forest area in different areas were significantly positively correlated with the total area of forest and the number of non-urban population.