哈克贝利•费恩的自我建构

The Self-Construal of Huckleberry Finn

《哈克贝利•费恩》是马克•吐温的代表作之一,其研究在学术界层出不穷,关于主人公哈克贝利的角色评析尤其受到关注,因此,本文拟研究哈克贝利•费恩的自我认知之路。本文运用马卡斯和北山忍的自我建构理论,结合哈克贝利•费恩的冒险历程进行细致研究,发现哈克贝利并不是单纯寻求身份认同或反叛,而是在与他人的联结和认识自身内部特征中实现三重独立自我认知:在个体自我层面,哈克贝利追逐自由、反对蓄奴制;在关系自我层面,哈克贝利追求平等的关系,尊重他人的独立;在集体自我层面,哈克贝利无法认同传统资本主义,但他身上的英雄光彩和摆脱社会束缚的举措,正是土生土长美国人的真实写照。

The research of Huckleberry Finn, one of Mark Twain’s masterpieces, has paid particular attention to the main character, Huckleberry. Therefore, this paper aims to explore Huckleberry’s path to self-cognition. Based on the self-construal theory proposed by Markus and Kitamaya, this paper carefully analyzed the adventure process of Huckleberry and found that instead of seeking identity or rebellion, Huckleberry realizes a threefold independent self-construal in the connection with the other and the recognition of the internal attributes of the self: at the level of the individual self, Huckleberry pursues freedom and opposes slavery;at the level of the relational self, Huckleberry pursues equality and respects others;at the level of the collective self, Huckleberry cannot identify with traditional capitalism, while his heroism and initiative to free himself from social constraints reflect his American characteristics.