逃离与回归:《你以为你是谁?》中露丝的“解辖域化”与“再辖域化”

Escape and Return: An Analysis of Rose’s “Deterritorialization” and “Reterritorialization” in Who Do You Think You Are?

“逃离”与“回归”是2013年诺贝尔文学奖得主艾丽丝·门罗作品的母题之一。小说集《你以为你是谁?》讲述了小镇女孩露丝在离家与归乡之旅中展开的对身份、爱情、婚姻、艺术、家园的探索与顿悟。通过地理解辖域化,露丝逃离贫穷小镇,挣脱父权和阶级束缚,获得自由与独立;精神解辖域化让露丝的主体性意识觉醒,释放潜能,开启艺术人生;而再辖域化却让她消除与故乡的隔阂,找到真实的自我,学会以流变的视角看待人生,并获得持久解辖域化的能量。露丝迷失自我、寻找自我的经历映射了当今社会女性所面临的身份危机与精神危机,也为女性在生存困境中如何进行抉择、如何更好地生活给予启示。

“Escape” and “Return” is one of the recurring themes in the writings of Alice Munro, the winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2013. In Who Do You Think You Are?, Munro depicts Rose’s exploration and understanding of identity, love, marriage, art and home during her journey away from and back to her birthplace. Through geographical deterritorialization, Rose escapes from her impoverished hometown, transcends patriarchal authority and class constraints, and ultimately gains freedom and independence. Spiritual deterritorialization initiates Rose’s artistic life by awaking her subjective consciousness and releasing her potential. Reterritorialization allows Rose to eliminate her estrangement from her hometown and helps her discover her true self. Furthermore, Rose learns to view life from a shifting perspective and acquires the strength for enduring deterritorialization. Rose’s experience of losing and finding herself reflects the identitycrises and spiritual dilemmas confronting women in contemporary society and sheds light on how women can make better choices and live better lives in adversity.