解构主义视域下对宇佐见玲小说的解读——以《偶像失格》为例

Deconstruction Analysis: Usami Rin’s Novel—A Case Study of Idol, Burning

解构主义文学批评作为一种颠覆性的阅读视角在20世纪下半叶异军突起,彻底改变了人们的传统思维方式和文学批评方法。以批判逻各斯中心主义为起点以颠覆“言语”与“文字”的等级关系为出发点,德里达展开了对一切植根于形而上学传统的、等级森严的二元对立项的批判与解构。解构主义在文学批评中的运用,彻底改变了人们传统的思维模式和文学批评方法,应用广泛、影响深远。日本作家宇佐见玲的《偶像失格》是一部典型的成长小说,以主人公明理(あかり)为第一人称叙述者,讲述了她在经历“偶像塌房”后如何逐渐脱离虚幻世界,最终回归现实发现眼前的风景的成长历程。文章将用解构主义文学批评方法从中心与边缘的瓦解、成熟与幼稚的颠覆等角度,对宇佐见铃《偶像失格》中的二元对立与文本内在矛盾进行分析、解读和批评。Deconstructivist literary criticism emerged as a subversive reading perspective in the second half of the 20th century, completely changing people’s traditional ways of thinking and methods of literary criticism. Starting from critical logocentrism and subverting the hierarchical relationship between “speech” and “writing,” Derrida unfolds the critique and deconstruction of all hierarchical binary oppositions rooted in metaphysical traditions. The application of deconstructivism in literary criticism has completely changed people’s traditional thinking mode and literary criticism methods, and it has been widely used and far-reaching. Japanese writer Rin Usami’s “Idol, Burning” is a typical coming-of-age novel, with the protagonist Akari (あかり) as the first-person narrator, telling how she gradually left the illusory world after experiencing “idol collapse” and finally returned to reality to discover the scenery in front of her. This article will use the method of deconstructivist literary criticism to analyze, interpret, and criticize the binary opposition and the internal contradiction of the text in Rin Usami’s “Idol, Burning” from the perspectives of the collapse of the center and the periphery, the maturity and the childish subversion.