我国农村生活污水治理的思考与实践

Thought and Practice on Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment in China

近几年,农村生活污水治理备受关注,正如火如荼的推进。总结我国农村生活污水的特点为:设施规模小;水质水量波动大;分散、难以收集。介绍并结合日本经验,系统论述我国农村生活污水庭院、村庄收集模式、确定水质水量、采用排放标准、选择治理工艺方面的思路。介绍了广西大化县水力村生活污水处理设施及配套管网工程建设的实践,建设投资230.38万元,处理设施规模120 m3/d,出水主要指标执行城镇一级B标准(GB18918-2002),采用填料式A/O + 复合人工湿地工艺,运行费0.3038元/m3。最后,提出农村生活污水治理的建议。

In recent years, the treatment of rural domestic sewage has attracted much attention and created broad market development. The characteristics of rural domestic sewage in China are summarized as follows: small scale of sewage facilities;much fluctuation in quantity and quality;difficulty in the collection. Rural sewage treatment experiences are introduced in Japan, as well as thoughts and discussions on sewage collection patterns for courtyard and villages, effluent quantity and quality, discharge standards, and treatment process, on the basis of experiences from Japan and characteristics of rural domestic sewage in China. The article also introduces the project on engineering practice of sewage facility and supporting pipe network in Shuili Village, Dahua County, Guangxi Province. The total investment in the project is 2.3038 million yuan and the scale of sewage facility is 120 m3/d. The effluent should meet Standard B in GB18918-2002. The process mainly includes media-enhanced A/O and constructed wetland, and the operation cost is 0.3038 yuan per ton of water. The article also mentions some suggestions on rural domestic sewage treatment as a summary.