瘙痒的神经生理相关研究进展

Advancement of Neurophysiology of Itch

瘙痒症在临床上是指仅皮肤瘙痒而无原发性皮肤损害的一种皮肤神经官能症疾病。瘙痒是一种令人不愉快的感觉,也是多种系统性疾病和皮肤疾病的临床主要症状。多年来对致瘙痒的研究多集中在瘙痒的传导介质上,如组胺、5-羟色胺、内皮素、寒冷、日光、电磁辐射波、机械摩擦等。目前,瘙痒发生的确切神经生理学机制尚未被阐明。但是随着对瘙痒的研究越来越广泛和深入,对其神经生理方面的研究成果尤其突出,并取得了一系列的重要进展。因此,本文从瘙痒与痛、瘙痒的神经生理等几个方面进行简要概述。

Itching is a cutaneous neurosis disease clinically of only skin itching and no primary skin damage.Itching is an unpleasant sensation,and itching is a clinically major symptom of a variety of systemic and skin diseases.Over the years,studies on itching have focused on itchy conductive media such as histamine,serotonin,endothelin,cold,sunlight,electromagnetic radiation,mechanical friction,and the like.The neurophysiological mechanism of itch has not yet been elucidated.This article gives a brief overview from the aspects of itching and pain,and the neurophysiology of itching.