幼儿执行功能的促进:基于民间游戏的综述研究

The Promotion of Preschoolers’ Executive Functions: The Review of Folk Games

执行功能是指个体在自动化、本能或冲动性的反应不合时宜时表现出来的一系列自上而下的控制过程。执行功能包括抑制控制、工作记忆和认知灵活性三个核心成分,是个体心理和身体健康、学业和事业成功的必备技能。执行功能在学前阶段快速发展,并且是可以通过训练提高的。本研究在弘扬民间游戏的基础上,发掘能够促进幼儿执行功能发展的民间游戏,为发展出符合幼儿发展特点的执行功能训练提供启示。

Executive functions refer to a series of top-down control processes that individuals present when their automated,instinctive or impulsive responses are inappropriate.Inhibiting control,working memory and cognitive flexibility are three core executive functions,which are very important for the children’s physical health,cognitive development and social adaption.Executive functions develop rapidly in the preschool stage and can be improved through training.Based on the inheritance and development of folk games,this paper explores the folk games that can promote the development of children’s executive functions.The enlightenment for the training of executive functions is discussed.