论中文被纳入各国国民教育体系

Discussion of Chinese Language Was Introduced into the National Education System of Foreign States

截至2020年底,全球有70个国家将中文纳入国民教育体系。满足什么条件是被“纳入基础国民教育体系”呢?在考察学者将中文纳入国民教育体系的表述基础上,本文试图探讨中文进入基础国民教育体系的条件。中文被纳入基础国民教育体系指国家通过颁布法令、政令、课程大纲、教育大纲,考试大纲等形式,正式将中文以选修或必修的形式纳入国家中小学外语教育体系,在地区上有一定覆盖性。最后本文还提出“中文教育成熟度”和“中文教育重要性”两个指标来衡量中文在各国的发展情况。

According to the latest statistics, the Chinese language has been introduced into the basic national education system in 70 countries. On the basis of the data of 58 countries, this paper tries to discuss the measurement standards of it. The “basic” of the basic national education system refers to the primary and secondary education, and the “national” refers to the status and scale of the Chinese language in the education system. Only when a country formally announced that Chinese language will be an optional or compulsory course offering to students by enacting laws, decrees, promulgating Chinese education syllabus or examination syllabus, can we conclude that Chinese has been introduced into this country. This article proposes two indicators of maturity and importance of Chinese education, which can be used in practice based on understanding the status quo of Chinese education in various countries.