早期美国女性高等教育中性别隔离现象研究

Research on Gender Segregation in Early American Female Higher Education

十九世纪三十年代,怀揣将男女平等引向真正意义上的社会公平,女性高等教育登上美国高等教育历史舞台,女子学院、男女同校制大学以及附属于大学的女子分院是其早期教育形式。文章基于两性视角,运用文献法分析,论述美国女性高等教育缘起,女子学院和男女同校制大学的兴衰史,比较不同教育形式下女性学生的教育境遇,分析性别隔离的真实与伪象。研究发现平等并不是给予男女性学生一致的教育内容,而是以尊重性别的天然差异为前提,在此基础上给到个体真实所需,以此为当代高等教育提供借鉴。

American female higher education originated in the 1930s, from the form of women’s college to co-education and affiliated college for women, regarding real society justice within gender as its ultimate goal. Based on the perspective of gender, with using the literature research method, this article elaborates the origin of American female higher education, the rise and fall of women’s college and coeducation, compares the plight of female students and then exposes the truth and fake of the gender segregation in those two. It is found that the equality is not to give male and female students the same education, but to respect the natural differences of two genders as the premise, and then to give individuals the real needs on this basis, which can provide reference for contemporary higher education.