学前儿童元认知知识的研究综述

Review of Research on Preschoolers’ Metacognitive Knowledge

元认知知识是认知主体所具备的关于个人、任务、策略的知识,是元认知的重要组成部分。丰富的元认知知识能够使个体充分了解自己、准确感知任务、合理选择策略,从而能更有效监测与调节自己的行为。系列研究表明,学前儿童已具备一定的元认知知识。本文将在介绍元认知知识概念与结构的基础上,综述学前儿童元认知知识的测量方法、发展特点、相关关系及其培养促进等方面的研究结果,为该领域的未来研究和教育教学实践提供启示。

Metacognitive knowledge is the knowledge about individuals, tasks, and strategies possessed by cognitive subjects, and it is an important part of metacognitive knowledge. Rich metacognitive knowledge can make individuals understand themselves fully, perceive tasks accurately and choose strategies reasonably, to monitor and regulate their behavior more effectively. A series of studies have shown that preschoolers have certain metacognitive knowledge. Based on introducing the concept and structure of metacognitive knowledge, this paper will summarize the results of the following aspects, including the measuring methods, development characteristics, correlation, and training promotion of preschoolers’ metacognitive knowledge, to provide the suggestion for future research and educational practice in this field.