生命意义感:评价高校学生发展的新视角

Sense of Life Meaning: A New Perspective to Evaluate the Development of College Students

本文采取量化与质性相结合的方法,探究将生命意义感应用于高等教育学生评价的必要性与可行性。本研究对884名本科生进行了问卷调查,测量大学生群体的生命意义感水平;并对20名本科生进行深度访谈,采用共识性质性研究方法分析“生命意义感”在大学生群体中的具体内涵。结果表明:① 大学生生命意义感的内涵兼具个体属性与社会属性:大学生的生命意义感不仅体现为个人目标的实现,还体现为对他人、社会的贡献;② 大学生生命意义感水平整体较低,表现为内在感受上的自我怀疑、迷茫无措及外在行为上的逃避与拖延;③ 大学生生命意义感匮乏的形成机制在于中学已形成的生命意义感认知与大学新环境要求的差异性,具体影响因素包括自身因素、家校因素、大学因素及社会因素四个方面。

This study adopts quantitative and qualitative methods to explore the necessary and feasibility to applying the sense of life meaning for the higher education student evaluation. Firstly, 884 undergraduates were surveyed by questionnaire to explore the development status of college students’ sense of meaning in life. Secondly, we interviewed 20 undergraduates deeply and took the consensual qualitative research to analyze that specific connotation of “sense of life meaning” among college students. The results show that: ① For college students, the meaning of life has both individual attributes and social attributes: college students’ sense of life not only reflects in the realization of personal goals, but also reflects in the contribution to others and society;② College students generally have a low sense of life meaning, which is manifested as self-doubt and confusion in inner feeling and evasion and procrastination in external expression;③ The formation mechanism of the lack of college students’ sense of life meaning lies in the difference between the cognition of the sense of life meaning formed in middle school and the requirements of the new environment in college. The specific influencing factors include four parts that are self-factor, family-school factor, college factor and society factor.