民国大学生社会来源的转变:1930~1949

The Transformation of the Social Source of College Students in the Republic of China: 1930~1949

民国时期,地主家庭出身的农业子弟仍然长时间是大学生最主要的社会来源。农业子弟的数量逐渐被商人子弟的数量超过,是在1930~1949年间。发生这一转变的原因,不仅是因为商人群体等新兴群体的兴盛,也是因为动荡时期的战争、灾害对农业经济的影响巨大。战争导致物价飞涨和农村经济衰败,一些经济情况较差的农村子弟失去了家庭经济来源,无法完成学业,因此来源农村的学生明显减少。

During the period of the Republic of China, the agricultural children of the landlord family were still the main social source for college students for a long time. It was between 1930 and 1949 that the children of farmers were gradually outnumbered by the children of businessmen. This shift occurred not only because of the rise of new groups, such as merchants, but also because of the impact of wars and disasters in turbulent times on the agricultural economy. The war led to soaring prices and the decline of the rural economy. Some rural children with poor economic situation lost their family economic source and could not complete their education. Therefore, the number of students from rural areas decreased significantly.