我国改革开放以来高校内部治理政策的演变历程——基于渐进决策模式的分析

The Evolution of Internal Governance Policies of Universities in China Since the Reform and Opening Up—An Analysis Based on the Progressive Decision-Making Model

我国高校治理水平的提升,关键在于实施良好的内部治理。本文通过政策工具分类理论对我国改革开放以来高校内部治理政策制定过程进行了阶段划分,一是以内部管理体制建设为重点的政府高介入治理阶段;二是以引导完善高校内部治理结构的中介入治理阶段;三是高校内涵式发展推进的低介入治理阶段。由此得出,高校内部治理政策呈渐进式演变逻辑,具体表现为:政府介入程度逐步减弱,治理决策为长周期性的连续变革,目前在积极探索多主体参与、多部门协同的民主治理实践模式。渐进式决策优势与缺陷并存,一方面动态调整决策的过程有利于稳定高校发展的内外部环境,提升治理效果;另一方面,政府低介入可能导致高校内部由于自身治理能力不足或监督机制不健全等造成内部治理不善的现象频发。

The key to the improvement of governance level of China’s colleges and universities lies in the implementation of good internal governance. This paper divides the process of making internal governance policies of colleges and universities in China since the reform and opening up into stages through the classification theory of policy tools: first, the stage of high government involvement in governance focusing on the construction of internal management system;second, the stage of medium involvement in governance guiding to improve the internal governance structure of colleges and universities;third, the stage of low involvement in governance promoting the internal development of colleges and universities. As a result, the internal governance policy of colleges and universities shows a progressive evolution logic, which is manifested as follows: the degree of government involvement gradually decreases, the governance decision is a long-period continuous change, and the democratic governance practice model with the participation of multiple subjects and multi-sectoral cooperation is being actively explored. On the one hand, the process of dynamic adjustment of decision-making is conducive to stabilizing the internal and external environment of university development and improving the governance effect;on the other hand, the low involvement of the government may lead to the frequent occurrence of poor internal governance in universities due to the lack of their own governance capacity or unsound supervision mechanism.