浅析朗西埃教育平等观及其对教学设计的启示

A Brief Analysis of Jacques Rancière’s Concept of Educational Equality and Its Implications for Instructional Design

朗西埃的教育平等观主要体现在其著作《无知的教师:智力解放五讲》之中。朗西埃教育平等观中体现出的对学习者智性平等的认知和对学习者智性探索的鼓励,与教学设计研究的发展趋势遥相呼应,值得我们进一步探究。在朗西埃教育平等观中,“无知的教师”涉及教学中师生关系,“智性平等”强调教学的人本性,“智力解放”提出了教育的目的,三者互相渗透交织,围绕着朗西埃的平等哲学展开。朗西埃的教育平等观有其超越性,也有其落后性。一方面,朗西埃教育平等观颠覆了传统教育观念;另一方面,朗西埃教育平等观与教育实践存在割裂。我们可以从教学目标、教学内容、教学策略、教学中心以及教学评价这五个方面来反思现有的教学设计。

The principle of educational equality in Rancière’s view is primarily reflected in his work Ignorant Teachers: Five Lectures on Intellectual Liberation. Rancière’s concept of educational equality, which emphasizes intellectual equality among learners and encourages intellectual exploration, resonates with the current trends in instructional design research and deserves further exploration. In Rancière’s concept of equality in education, the “ignorant teacher” is concerned with the teacher-student relationship in teaching and learning, the “intellectual equality” emphasises the human nature of teaching and learning, and the “intellectual emancipation” suggests the purpose of educa-tion. The three are intertwined and revolve around Rancière’s philosophy of equality. However, Rancière’s concept of educational equality has both transcendent and backward features. On the one hand, it challenges traditional educational notions;on the other hand, it faces a disconnect with educational practice. We can reflect on the existing teaching design in terms of five aspects: teach-ing objectives, teaching content, teaching strategies, teaching centers and teaching evaluation.