生活教育理论的比较及其对思想政治教育的启发

Comparison of Life Education Theory and Its Enlightenment on Ideological and Political Education

杜威是美国二十世纪最著名的教育家,他研究领域涉及哲学、教育和政治等方面,其中为人所熟知的即“生活教育”理论。杜威提出“教育即生活”、“学校即社会”、“从做中学”的实用主义教育理论。陶行知是中国教育家,他师从杜威,在杜威“生活教育”理论的基础上,结合中国教育实际情况,提出“生活即教育”、“社会即学校”以及“教学做合一”的生活教育理论。陶行知批判吸收杜威的生活教育理论,并结合中国本土情况。陶行知的教育思想和杜威的教育思想相互联系,又有不同之处,对两种教育思想的学习和认识有助于我们更好地学习教学理论。

Dewey is the most famous educator of the 20th century in the United States. His research fields in-clude philosophy, education, and politics, among which the well-known theory is “life education”. Dewey proposed the pragmatic educational theory of “education is life”, “school is society”, and “learning by doing”. Tao Xingzhi is a Chinese educator who studied under Dewey. Based on Dewey’s theory of “life education” and combined with the actual situation of Chinese education, he proposed the life education theory of “life is education”, “society is school”, and “integration of teaching and practice”. Tao Xingzhi critically absorbed Dewey’s theory of life education and combined it with the local situation in China. Tao Xingzhi’s educational ideas and Dewey’s educational ideas are interrelated and have differences. Learning and understanding these two educational ideas can help us better learn teaching theories.