中高级学习者汉字认读偏误分类及成因研究

Research on the Classification and Causes of Chinese Character Recognition Bias among Intermediate and Advanced Learners

认读汉字是学习汉语的必备技能之一。学习者产生的汉字认读偏误各式各样,主要可以分为以下六类:跟字形有关的形近偏误、跟形声字有关的形声旁偏误、跟字词意义有关的近义偏误、跟组词有关的预测偏误、跟字序有关的顺序偏误、由多音字引起的多音字偏误。偏误成因较为复杂,除了正字法方面的影响,记忆策略和认读策略也是不可忽视的原因。

Chinese character recognition is one of the essential skills in learning Chinese. Learners make vari-ous recognition errors, which can be mainly divided into the following six categories: shape-approximation errors related to shape, para-morpheme errors related to shape-sound words, synonym errors related to word meaning, prediction errors related to word formation, order errors related to word order, and polyphone errors caused by polyphone words. The causes of errors are complex. In addition to the influence of orthography, memory strategies and recognition strategies cannot be ignored.