农村留守儿童隔代教育类型探究——以四川省雅安市某镇为例

A Study on the Types of Inter-Generational Education for Rural Left-Behind Children—Taking a Town in Ya’an City, Sichuan Province as an Example

留守儿童是我国户籍制度下的特殊群体,是我国“土生土长”的焦点问题,研究留守儿童相关理论层面问题是从我国实际国情来构建我国本土理论的积极尝试。在农村留守家庭中,祖孙辈的隔代教育取代亲子教育成为家庭教育的主要内容,而隔代教育又由于其双方参与群体的特殊性受到社会关注。研究聚焦于隔代教育中祖孙互动问题,通过实地研究的方式,从双方互动所体现出的权力关系角度观察农村留守儿童隔代教育类型。在以四川省雅安市某镇8个留守家庭为例的观察中,将其划分为内隐式强权、外显式强权、开明式放权、无能式放权四种类型,同时通过列举典例来说明不同隔代教育类型之下祖孙辈的现实互动情况。这一探究有助于进一步理解农村留守儿童隔代教育现状,促进建构本土问题的本土性理论。

Left-behind children are a special group under the registered residence system in China, which is a hot spot of Chinese “indigenous” issues. Exploring the theoretical issues related to left-behind children is an active attempt to build Chinese indigenous academic theory from the actual situation of China. In rural left-behind families, the inter-generational education between grandparents and grandchildren has replaced parental education as the main content of family education, and inter-generational education has attracted the attention of our society due to the special participation of both groups. This article focuses on the issue of interaction between grandparents and grandchildren in inter-generational education, through field work, observing the types of inter-generational education for rural left-behind children from the perspective of the power assignment reflected in the interaction between the two parties. In the observation of 8 left-behind families in a town in Ya’an, Sichuan Province, we have found four main types: Implicit relationship of centralized power, explicit relationship of centralized power, appropriate implementation of freedom, and radical implementation of freedom. At the same time, examples are cited to illustrate the exact interaction between grandparents and grandchildren under different types of inter-generational education. This exploration contributes to further understanding of the current situation for rural left-behind children and promotes the construction of the indigenous theory relating to indigenous issues.