初中物理模型建构思维能力提升策略探究

Research on Strategies to Improve Thinking Ability in Modeling in Junior High School Physics

随着教育的不断发展和对人才培养的要求不断提高,物理教育越来越重视培养学生核心素养。物理课程要培养的核心素养,主要包括物理观念、科学思维、科学探究、科学态度与责任。其中科学思维主要包括模型建构、科学推理、科学论证、质疑创新等要素,模型建构居于这四个要素的首位。本文先探讨了模型的含义和培养模型建构能力的意义,然后总结了初中物理教科书部分模型,讨论了影响模型建构思维能力的因素,最后提出了培养和提升模型建构思维能力的策略,希望能够为物理教师提高初中物理教学效果,提升学生核心素养提供一定的参考。With the continuous development of education and the constantly improved requirements for talent cultivation, physics education has increasingly emphasized the cultivation of students’ core literacy. The core literacy to be cultivated in physics courses mainly includes physical concepts, scientific thinking, scientific inquiry, scientific attitudes, and responsibilities. Among them, scientific thinking mainly includes elements such as model construction, scientific reasoning, scientific argumentation, and questioning innovation, with model construction ranking first among these four elements. This paper first explores the meaning of the model and the significance of cultivating model construction ability, and then summarizes some models in junior high school physics textbooks, discusses the factors that affect the ability of model construction thinking, and finally proposes strategies for cultivating and improving the ability of model construction thinking, hoping to provide a certain reference for physics teachers to improve junior high school physics teaching effectiveness and enhance students’ core literacy.