硅提高植物重金属耐性的作用机理

Mechanisms of Silicon Improving Plant Heavy Metal Tolerance

硅(Si)能够缓解重金属对植物的毒害作用,在农田重金属污染土壤的治理中具有良好的应用前景。本文从植物体外和体内两个角度系统介绍了Si缓解植物重金属毒害的作用机理,包括提高土壤pH、促进重金属与Si共沉积、抑制重金属的吸收和向地上部的转运、改变重金属在植物体内的分布、刺激植物的抗氧化系统。针对研究现状提出存在的不足,并对未来研究进行展望。

Silicon has been considered to alleviate heavy metal toxicity in plants,and has a good application prospect in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated farmland soil.This review introduces the external and internal mechanisms involved in alleviation of heavy metal toxicity in plants,including by increasing soil pH,promoting co-deposition of heavy metal and Si,inhibiting heavy metal uptake and translocation,modifying heavy metal distribution and stimulation antioxidant enzyme system in plants.The shortcomings and the future research trends in this field are also addressed.