云南省个旧市矿区耐镉和铅菌株的分离、鉴定及系统发育分析

Isolation Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ Tolerance Strains from Gejiu Mining Area of Yunnan

[目的]:通过对云南省个旧市矿区周边进行土壤采样,筛选出耐Cd2+和Pb2+菌株并且对其Cd2+和Pb2+耐受性进行评价和系统发育分析。[方法]:采用平板法进行微生物菌株分离和Cd2+、Pb2+耐受性评价,基于16SrDNA和ITS序列对耐受Cd2+和Pb2+菌株进行系统发育分析。[结果]:共筛选到耐重金属Cd2+微生物57株,其中细菌39株,真菌18株;耐重金属Pb2+微生物161株,其中细菌121株,真菌40株。对178株菌株耐受性研究发现,细菌在100 mg/L Cd2+浓度和2000 mg/L Pb2+浓度下耐受性最好,达28.9%和32.2%,真菌在1000 mg/L Cd2+浓度耐受性最好,达27.6%,真菌在不同Pd2+浓度处理下耐受性均表现出一致为25.0%。菌株对Pb2+的耐受性明显好于Cd2+。通过16SrDNA和ITS序列和系统发育分析,经鉴定S73-1菌株属于肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)细菌,S156-1为不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)细菌,IS73-1为根霉属(Rhizopus)真菌。

[Objective]:Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of Pb2+and Cd2+tolerance strains from Gejiu mining soil of Yunnan.[Methods]:Microbial strains and their tolerance heavy metals of Cd2+and Pb2+by using the plate separation method,Phylogenetic analysis of Cd2+and Pb2+Tolerance strains based on 16SrDNA and ITS gene sequence.[Results]:57 strains of Cd2+tolerant microorganisms were isolated by using three media,including 39 bacteria,18 fungi;161 strains of Pb2+tolerant microorganisms were isolated,including 121 bacteria,48 bacteria.The tolerance of 178 strains of bacteria to 100 mg/L Cd2+and 2000 mg/L Pb2+were 28.9%and 32.2%respectively.The tolerance of fungi to 1000 mg/L Cd2+was 27.6%,and the tolerance of fungi to different concentrations of Pd2+was 25.0%.The tolerance of strains to Pb2+was significantly better than that of Cd2+.Through phylogenetic analysis of 16SrDNA and ITS gene sequence,it confirmed S73-1 strain as Enterobacter,S156-1 as Acinetobacter and IS73-1 as Rhizopus.