基于ArcGIS的皖江经济带河流水质特征及空间分布分析

Analysis of Water Quality Characteristics and Spatial Distribution of Rivers in Wanjiang Economic Belt Based on ArcGIS

为了摸清皖江经济带内河流水质特征,本文于2016、2017两年间调查研究了皖江经济带内河流Hg、Cr6+、Cd、Pb、Zn、Cu、As、TOC、TN、TP、pH、DO含量特征,并利用ArcGIS分析其空间分布特征。结果显示,皖江经济带内重金属含量低,污染风险较小;两年TOC平均值为5.45 mg/L,有机物浓度总体处于中等水平,部分区域污染较严重;两年TN平均浓度为1.99 mg/L,TP平均浓度为0.07 mg/L,氮磷浓度总体较高,污染较为严重。pH与DO均为河流正常水平。分布特征来看,重金属高值点分布与矿产分布具有紧密联系;有机物及氮磷元素高值点分布具有高度相似性,且多分布于长江沿岸入江地区,可能受到沿江船只货运等活动的影响。

In order to find out the characteristics of river water quality in the Wanjiang Economic Belt,this paper investigated Hg,Cr6+,Cd,Pb,Zn,Cu,As,TOC,TN,TP,pH,and DO content in rivers and its spatial distribution characteristics.The analysis results show that the heavy metal content in the Wanjiang Economic Belt is low and the pollution risk is small.The average TOC of two years is:the concentration of organic matter is higher,and the dyeing is more serious;the average concentration of TN in two years is the average concentration of TP,the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus.The overall is higher and the pollution is more serious.Both pH and DO are normal river levels.According to the distribution characteristics,the distribution of high-value points of heavy metals is closely related to the distribution of minerals;the distribution of high-value points of organic matter and nitrogen-phosphorus elements is highly similar,and it is mostly distributed in the rivers along the Yangtze River,which may be affected by activities such as cargo transportation along the Yangtze River.