重金属与抗生素污染的联合毒性作用研究进展

Research Progress on the Combined Toxicity of Heavy Metals and Antibiotics Pollution

随着城市化的发展越来越多的污染物被排入水体中。由于水体的立体性,水生生物极易受到多种因子的复合污染。其中,重金属和抗生素因用量大、易吸附且毒性效应复杂等特点,对水生生态易造成严重污染而受到广泛的关注。环境中的污染物都是以混合物的形式存在,重金属和抗生素的复合污染及其效应已成为环境领域的研究热点,而联合毒性作用的相关研究较少。因此,本文围绕近年来重金属和抗生素的分布情况,以及单一和联合毒性进行综述。现有的研究结果表明,复合污染对生物体存在联合毒性作用,可能表现为协同作用或拮抗作用,并对存在的问题和今后的关注重点进行了探讨,以便为未来的研究提供借鉴。

With the development of urbanization, more and more pollutants are discharged into water bodies. Due to the three-dimensional nature of water bodies, aquatic organisms are extremely susceptible to compound pollution of multiple factors. Among them, heavy metals and antibiotics have attracted widespread attention due to their large dosage, easy adsorption and complex toxic effects, which easily cause serious pollution to the aquatic ecology. Pollutants in the environment are all in the form of mixtures. The combined pollution of heavy metals and antibiotics and their effects have become a research hotspot in the environmental field, and there are fewer studies on the combined toxicity. Therefore, this article focuses on the distribution of heavy metals and antibiotics in recent years, as well as single and combined toxicity. Existing research results show that compound pollution has a combined toxic effect on organisms, which may be synergistic or antagonistic. The existing problems and future focus are discussed in order to provide reference for future research.