畜禽养殖污染防控技术研究进展

Research Progress on Pollution Prevention and Control Technology of Livestock Breeding

近年来,我国的畜禽养殖业发展迅速,但在经济效益提升的同时,畜禽养殖造成的污染严重地危害了生态环境。如何在确保现有畜禽养殖规模的前提下,有效推进污染防控,实现粪污资源的高效处置与资源化利用是保障农村地区经济社会可持续发展亟待解决的重大现实问题。本文针对我国畜禽养殖业污染现状及存在的问题,从预防与治理两个角度对畜禽养殖污染的防控技术进行了综述,通过对畜禽饲料以及养殖工艺进行改良可以从源头上减少对环境的污染。本文分析了目前常见的畜禽养殖粪污处理方法,并从能源化、肥料化、饲料化三个方面阐述了畜禽养殖业固体废弃物的资源化利用方法,旨在为畜禽养殖污染防控及资源化利用提供技术参考。

In recent years, China’s livestock breeding industry has developed rapidly. With the improvement of economic benefits, the pollution caused by livestock poultry breeding has caused serious damage to the ecological environment. On the premise of ensuring the existing livestock poultry breeding scale, how to effectively promote pollution prevention and control and realize the efficient disposal and resource utilization of waste resources is a major practical problem that should be solved to ensure the sustainable economic and social development in rural areas. In view of the current situation and existing problems of livestock poultry pollution in China, this paper summarizes the treatment methods of livestock poultry pollution from two aspects of prevention and treatment. The improvement of livestock feed and breeding process can reduce the pollution to the environment from viewpoint of the source. In addition, this paper analyzes the currently common sewage treatment methods of livestock breeding, and expounds the resource utilization methods of solid waste of livestock breeding from three perspectives of energy, fertilizer and feed, aiming to provide a technical reference for pollution prevention and control as well as resource utilization of livestock breeding.