嵌段共聚物分离膜的制备技术研究进展

Advances in Preparation Technology of Block Copolymer Separation Membranes

与传统的聚合物分离膜相比,嵌段共聚物(block copolymer, BCP)滤膜的超高均一度与超高孔隙率使其更加能胜任全球环境污染日益加剧的背景下复杂多样的膜分离工况。嵌段共聚物膜孔的高均一度也使得其在膜改性效果、膜功能性的拓展上具有十分令人期待的前景,使得其在食品科学、纳米光刻、药物输送、电极材料等研究领域都备受关注。由于成膜机理与传统聚合物膜大相径庭,嵌段共聚物膜的三级结构与宏观结构具有相当高的关联度,甚至可能在宏观结构形成过程中三级结构同步形成,其宏观结构形成过程中涉及的参数完全不少于其高分子原材料合成过程中需要控制的参数。本文主要从材料、工艺等角度介绍了嵌段共聚物膜制备技术的研究进展。

Compared with traditional polymer separation membranes, block copolymer (BCP) films have ul-tra-high homogeneity and porosity, making them more capable of handling complex and diverse membrane separation conditions under the background of increasing global environmental pollu-tion. The high average pore size of block copolymer membrane also endows it a very promising prospect in membrane modification effect and expansion of membrane functionality, which makes it more attractive in food science, nano lithography, drug delivery, electrode materials and other research fields. Due to the vastly different film-forming mechanisms from traditional polymer films, the tertiary structure of block copolymer films has a high degree of correlation with the macroscopic structure, and may even be formed synchronously during the macroscopic structure formation process. The parameters involved in the macroscopic structure formation course are no less than those needed to be controlled during the synthesis process of its polymerization of monomers. This paper mainly introduces the research progress of BCP film preparation technology from the perspectives of materials and processes.