环境因素对浮游植物生长及群落结构的影响

Effects of Environmental Factors on Phytoplankton Growth and Community Structure

浮游植物作为水生生态系统重要的初级生产者,承担着水生生态系统的物质循环、能量流动和信息传递等功能,对水体中的营养循环、生物多样性和生态平衡有着重要的影响。文章基于国内外研究现状从物理、化学、生物三方面,详述了水温、光照、透明度、水动力、气候变化、pH、营养盐、生物竞争与捕食等因素对浮游植物生长及群落结构的影响过程和机理,并在此基础上提出了该领域当前研究存在的一些问题以及未来的研究前景。探讨环境因子对浮游植物生长及群落结构的影响,有助于为水生态环境保护提供新思路,同时对水体环境中物质循环、生物多样性和生态平衡具有重要意义。

As an important primary producer in aquatic ecosystems, phytoplankton assumes the functions of the material cycle, energy flow, and information transfer in aquatic ecosystems, and has an important impact on the nutrient cycle, biodiversity, and ecological balance in water bodies. Based on the current research situation at home and abroad, the article describes in detail the process and mechanism of the influence of water temperature, light, transparency, hydrodynamics, climate change, pH, nutrient salts, biological competition, and predation on the phytoplankton growth and community structure in terms of physical, chemical and biological aspects. And based on this, it puts forward some problems in the current research in this field as well as the prospect of the future research. Exploring the effects of environmental factors on phytoplankton growth and community structure can help to provide new ideas for water ecological protection, and at the same time, it is of great significance to the material cycle, biodiversity and ecological balance in the water environment.