山区高速公路煤矸石边坡生态修复及绿化技术研究

Study on Ecological Restoration and Greening Technology of Highway Gangue Slope in Mountainous Area

基于山区高速公路边坡开挖后外露煤矸石地层的生态修复及绿化问题,根据煤矸石的性质和区域气候及植被特点,采用喷淋改性 + 覆盖封闭 + 选植绿化的基质改良和人工选植绿化技术,节约了施工成本,有效提高了山区煤矸石边坡的生态修复水平及绿化植被成活率。依托在建高速公路路堑开挖边坡外露煤矸石的实际工程,通过喷淋含有微生物菌剂的保水剂通过微生物改性表层煤矸石土层,再使用水泥混合土对煤矸石进行覆盖封闭,最后通过人工选植及建植达到煤矸石边坡绿化的目的。通过本次研究有助于进一步提高山区交通基础设施绿色生态建设水平,为相关工程提供参考借鉴。The ecological restoration and greening of exposed coal gangue following expressway slope excavation in the mountainous region is a severe problem for mountain traffic construction and maintenance. This study considered the nature of coal gangue, regional climate, and vegetation characteristics, utilizing matrix improvement and artificial planting techniques such as spray modification, cover closure, and planting. These measures reduced construction costs and significantly enhanced the ecological restoration level of coal gangue slopes in mountainous areas while improving the survival rate of green vegetation. This study used spraying to modify the surface coal gangue soil layer using microbial bacteria-containing water-retaining agents. Subsequently, cement-mixed soil was used to cover the coal gangue before greening was achieved through artificial planting and construction. This study can enhance green ecological construction standards for mountain transport infrastructure while providing valuable insights for related projects.